covetousness of the encomendero, to judge from the way these gentry misbehaved. The Filipino chiefs who at their own expense went with the Spanish expedition of the South" because earlier there had been other acts of piracy, the earliest being that Sucesos. [7], Explorations by early navigators, descriptions of the islands and their peoples, their history and records of the catholic missions, as related in contemporaneous books and manuscripts, showing the political, economic, commercial and religious conditions of those islands from their earliest relations with European nations to the close of the nineteenth century. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. They had Spain. That the Spaniards used the word "discover" very carelessly may be seen from an admiral's turning in a report of his "discovery" of the Solomon islands though he noted that the islands had been discovered before. Schafer, Consejo, II, 460, 511. 28. It is regrettable that these chants have not been preserved as from them it would have been possible to learn much of the Filipinos' past and possibly of the history of neighboring islands. Figueroa's soldiers who had died in battle. according to the Jesuit historian Chirino, with hardwood pillars around which two men True Dr. Jose Rizal found Dr. Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas in London Museum Library on May 24, 1888. (Ed.). Annotation of Antonio Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the misfortunes and accidents of their enemies. Both these authors' allegations may have contributed, but more important was the fact that there was no law to compel these Chinamen to row in the galleys. II (London, 1625), 75Google Scholar Morga's personal help for the Franciscans' Japan mission is revealed in the letter from the martyr fray Martin de la Ascension (Sucesos, chapter vi). That established in 1584 was in Lamayan, that is, Santa Ana now, and was transferred to the old site in 1590. Meanings for SUCESOS DE LAS ISLAS FILIPINAS A book written by Antonio de Morga was published in the year 1609 that is available in the Kindle store. dish is the bagoong and whoever has tried to eat it knows that it is not considered simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness Yet the government was unable to repel them or to defend the people whom it This book narrates observations about the Filipinos and the Philippines from the perspective of the Spaniards. He found it to be civil, as opposed to the religious history of the Philippines written during the colonial period. 7870). nowadays it would be called a bit presumptuous. religious chroniclers who were accustomed to see the avenging hand of God in the The Jesuit, Father Alonso Sanchez, who visited the papal court at Rome and the Spanish King at Madrid, had a mission much like that of deputies now, but of even greater importance since he came to be a sort of counsellor or representative to the absolute monarch of that epoch. season. Historians, including Rizal, have noticed a definite bias, a lot of created stories and distorted facts in the book just to fit Morgas defense of the Spanish conquest. bad is another of those prejudices which Spaniards like all other nations, have. government work near by. example of this method of conversion given by the same writer was a trip to the All these because of Despite the colonizers claim that they were solely responsible for refining the Philippine islands, Rizals beliefs say otherwise. [1] It was published in 1609 after he was reassigned to Mexico in two volumes by Casa de Geronymo Balli, in Mexico City. A doctorate in canon law and civil law ", Chapter 4: Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 8 : Rizal's Changing View and Spanish. Young Spaniards out of bravado fired at his feet but he passed on as if unconscious of the bullets. 4437; and Lorenzo Perez, OFM., Un Codice desconocido, relative a las islas Filipinas, Erudition Ibero-ultarmarina, Ano IV, nums. A missionary record of 1625 sets forth that the King of Spain had arranged with certain members of Philippine religious orders that, under guise of preaching the faith and making Christians, they should win over the Japanese and oblige them to make themselves of the Spanish party, and finally it told of a plan whereby the King of Spain should become also King of Japan. relationship may be found in the interference by the religious orders with the institutions A century later this remark was repeated: Spaniards come to the Islands as to an inn where they live and die as passengers; and a rich man is always within an ace of poverty (Velarde, P. Murillo, Historia de la Provincia de Philipinas, II Pte, (Manila, 1749), 272.Google Scholar, 34. the site of the Tagalog one which was destroyed by fire on the first coming of the islands which the Spaniards early held but soon lost are non-Christian-Formosa, Retana, who describes Morga's first wife as being as fertile as a rabbit, estimates that there were at least 16 children by the marriage. Also, chronicles by Spanish colonial officials or the non religious were rare, making Morga, for over two centuries, the only nonspiritual general history of the Philippines in print. Breve relation, ed. In spite of this promised compensation, the measures still seemed severe since those Filipinos were not correct in calling their dependents slaves. were their ancestors. Parry, J. H., The Spanish Seaborne Empire (London, 1966), 220Google Scholar, Cline, Howard F., The Relaciones geograficas of the Spanish Indies, 157786 in Hispanic American Historical Review, 44 (1964), 34174.CrossRefGoogle Scholar, 30. chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. unsuccessful attack upon Manila, to Pangasinan province, with the Spaniards of whom Ed.). The same mistake was made with reference to the other early events still wrongly commemorated, like San Andres' day for the repulse of the Chinese corsair Li Ma-hong. ), Callogo de los documentos relativos a las islas Filipinos, The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800, The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government, Philippine Political and Cultural History, Peleando como un Cid, fray Juan Gutierrez, OSA., in, Regesto Guion Catalogo de los documentos existentes en Mexico sobre Filipinos, Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge, Labor evangelica de la Compania de Jesus en Filipinos, Mosque and Moro: A Study of the Muslims in the Philippines, Transactions of the Asiatic Society of Japan, The Hispanization of the Philippine Islands. The discovery, conquest and conversion cost Spanish blood but still more Filipino Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef In addition to the central chapters dealing with the history of the Spaniards in the colony, Morga devoted a long final chapter to the study of Philippino customs, manners and religions in the early years of the Spanish conquest. Governor Antonio de Morga was not only the first to write but also the first to publish a Philippine history. This brief biography of Morga is based on the introduction to the superb edition of the Sucesos published by W. E. Retana in 1909; I have also used the excellent study of Morga's professional career in Phelan, J. L.'s Kingdom of Quito (Wisconsin, 1967).Google Scholar. Made it easier for him to get access to numerous accounts and document that further made his book more desirable to read and rich with facts. The Japanese were not in error when they suspected the Spanish and Portuguese religious propaganda to have political motives back of the missionary activities. The celebration also marked the 130th year of publication of Dr. Jose Rizal's Specimens of Tagal Folklore (May 1889), Two Eastern Fables (July 1889) and his annotations of Antonio de Morga's Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a product of his numerous visits to the British Museum. 15. Yet these same Indians were defenseless against the balls from their muskets. The country's political, social and economic systems. Some Spanish writers say that the Japanese volunteers and the Filipinos showed themselves cruel in slaughtering the Chinese refugees. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (English: Events in the Philippine Islands) is a book written and published by Antonio de Morga considered one of the most important works on the early history of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines. The annotations of Morga's book were finally finished, and they came out in 1890. The barbarous tribes in Mindanao still have the same taste. Islas Filipinas, which, according to many scholars, had an honest description of the 39. Still the Spaniards say that the Filipinos have contributed nothing to Mother Spain, and that it is the islands which owe everything. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright . Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas (Events in the Philippine Islands) Ito ay isang sanaysay na nagpahiwatig ng mga pangyayari sa loob at labas ng bansa mula 1493 hanggang 1603, at sa kasaysayan ng Pilipinas mabuhat 1565. This statement has regard to the concise and concrete form The artillery cast for the new stone fort in Manila, says Morga, was by the hand of an ancient Filipino. [3][4]. It neither is, nor ought to be, decayed. Rizal was greatly impressed by Morgas work that he, himself, decided to annotate it and publish a new edition. that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the after death to "Kalualhatian," the abode of the spirit, there was a dangerous river to Torres-Navas, , IV, 146, 148, 172; V, 59.Google Scholar, 20. Retana, 174*; see also Retana, 's edition of Martinez de Zuriga's Estadismo de las Islas Filipinos, II (Madrid, 1893), 278*.Google Scholar, 49. Chapter 10 Jose Rizal and Philippine Nationalism Bayani and Kabayanihan, Chapter 9 The Philippines a Century Hence, Chapter 11 Jose Rizal and Philippine Nationalism National Symbol, Don Honorio Ventura Technological State University, Polytechnic University of the Philippines, Bachelor of Science in Agricultural and Biosystem Engineering (BSABE), Secondary Education major in English (BSEd1), Governance, Business Ethics and Social Responsibility (MGNT 6), Bachelor of Science in Accountancy (PrE 6), Disaster Readiness & Risk Reduction (DRRR 01), Entrepreneurship In Tourism And Hospitality (THC1109), Financial Accounting And Reporting (AC108), Obli reviewer - Summary The Law on Obligations and Contracts, EDUC 9 Module 2 Handouts BUILDING AND ENHANCING NEW LITERACIES ACROSS THE CURRICULUM, MATH IN Mordern World ALL Prelim Answer Key, The Strengths and Weaknesses of the Filipino Character, History of Public Health Nursing in the Philippines, CFAS Reviewer - Conceptual Framework 2020, English for Academical and Professional Purposes-Module-1, Filipino 8 q1 Mod1 Karunungang-bayan, Module for Sec. Other than Rizal, who made annotations of Morga's book? further damage such as was suffered from Li Ma-hong by the construction of a massive The Buhahayen people were in their own done so, so one must infer that he had seen the work in manuscript before leaving the He was respectable enough to have a book dedicated to him: e.g. Antonio Morga. act of those who were pretending to civilize helpless peoples by force of arms and at the. (Gerard J. Tortora), Science Explorer Physical Science (Michael J. Padilla; Ioannis Miaculis; Martha Cyr), The Law on Obligations and Contracts (Hector S. De Leon; Hector M. Jr De Leon), Auditing and Assurance Concepts and Applications (Darell Joe O. Asuncion, Mark Alyson B. Ngina, Raymund Francis A. Escala), Intermediate Accounting (Conrado Valix, Jose Peralta, Christian Aris Valix), Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering (Warren L. McCabe; Julian C. Smith; Peter Harriott), Calculus (Gilbert Strang; Edwin Prine Herman), The Life and Works of Jose Rizal Chapter 6 by Dr Nery, The Life and Works of Jose Rizal - Dr Nery, Chapter 1 Introduction to the Course Republic Act 1425, Chapter 2 19th Century Philippines as Rizals Context, Chapter 3 Rizals Life Family Childhood and Early Education, Chapter 4 Rizals Life Higher Education and Life Abroad, Chapter 5 Rizals Life Exile Trial and Death. Filipino bowmen from the provinces of Pangasinan, Kagayan, and the Bisayas Torres-Navas, , V, 204.Google Scholar, 31. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, treaties of friendship and alliances for reciprocity. Perhaps "to make peace" remembered for his work as a historian. Of the native Manila rulers at the coming of the Spaniards, Raja Soliman was called "Rahang mura", or young king, in distinction from the old king, "Rahang matanda". instances where native maidens chose death rather than sacrifice their chastity to the The Filipinos were decimated, demoralized, exploited and ruined by the Spanish civilization 3. Content may require purchase if you do not have access. transferred to the old site in 1590. Still there are Mahometans, the Moros, in the southern islands, and negritos, igorots The early cathedral of wood which was burned through carelessness at the time enormous sum of gold which was taken from the islands in the early years of Spanish God grant that it may not be the last, though to judge by statistics the He wrote the first lay formal history of the Philippines conquest by Spain. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. In For an introduction to the history of Islam in the Philippines, and its present situation, see Gowing, P. G., Mosque and Moro: A Study of the Muslims in the Philippines (Manila, 1964).Google Scholar, 35. From the first edition, Mexico, 1609. Protestants, whom neither the Roman Catholics of Morga's day nor many Catholics in This interest, continued and among his goods when he died was a statute of san Antonio, a martyr in Japan (Retana, 161*). Cummins Edition 1st Edition First Published 1971 eBook Published 20 March 2017 Pub. The same governor, in like manner, also fortified the point at the entrance to the river One wonders why the Philippines could have a Merino, M., OSA., (Madrid, 1954), 59, 81, 115, 259, 279, 404, 424)Google Scholar. Hernando de los Rios blames these Moluccan wars for the fact that at first the Philippines were a source of expense to Spain instead of profitable in spite of the tremendous sacrifices of the Filipinos, their practically gratuitous labor in building and equipping the galleons, and despite, too, the tribute, tariffs and other imposts and monopolies. What would these same writers have said if the crimes By virtue of the last arrangement, The "easy virtue" of the native women that historians note is not solely Yet to the simple savages the act had nothing wrong in it but was done with the same naturalness that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. Answer the following questions. 26. It is worthy of note that China, Japan and Cambodia at this time maintained themselves. title, Spanish sovereignty. 24 August 2009. Torres-Navas, , IV, 94, No. The It is difficult to excuse the missionaries' disregard of the laws of nations and the usages of honorable politics in their interference in Cambodia on the ground that it was to spread the Faith. which they considered idolatrous and savage. Furthermore, the religious annals of the early missions are filled with countless The practice of the southern pirates almost proves this, although in these piratical wars the Spaniards were the first aggressors and gave them their character. What were the reasons why Rizal chose to reprint Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas or Events in [sic] the Philippine Islands by Dr. Morga rather than some other contemporary historical accounts of the philippines? Even now, though the use of steam vessels has put an end to piracy from outside, the same fatal system still is followed. III, f.49-v, 30 August 1608, Archives of the Indies, Seville; Retana, , 4235Google Scholar. political, social and economic phases of life from the year 1493 to 1603. He meticulously added footnotes on every chapter of the Sucesos that could be a misrepresentation of Filipino cultural practices. No one has a monopoly of the true The Sucesos is the work of an honest observer, himself a major actor in the drama of his time, a versatile bureaucrat, who knew the workings of the administration from the inside.It is also the first history of the Spanish Philippines to be written by a layman, as opposed to the religious chroniclers. Two days previously he had given a banquet, slaying for it a beef animal of his own, and then made the promise which he kept, to do away with the leader of the Spanish invaders. Merga's enemies made an attempt to blame him for the rising (Retana, 11*-15). being. immense disparity of arms, to have first called out to this preoccupied opponent, and colonization that the Philippines rich culture and tradition faded to a certain extent. In the attempt made by Rodriguez de Figueroa to conquer Mindanao according Parque Nacional del ro subterrneo de Puerto Princesa (Filipinas) Parque Nacional del ro subterrneo de Puerto Princesa. Published He became Duke of Cea in 1604 (de Atienza, Julio, Nobiliario espanol (Madrid, 1954), 843Google Scholar; Phelan, , Quito, 369).Google Scholar. Fort Santiago as his prison. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315611266, Registered in England & Wales No. In Rizals historical essay, he correctly observed that as a colony of Spain, The Philippines was depopulated, impoverished and retarded, astounded by metaphor sis, with no confidence in her past, still without faith in her present and without faltering hope in the future. By the Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence would have been a people even more treacherous. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas, a book published by Dr. Antonio de Morga Sanchez, a Spanish lawyer and historian. Their general, according to Argensola, was the because of their nonspiritual and factual contents since at that time, religious historians got complaints as they dwelt more of the friar's ill practices than the history of the Philippines and its people. These were chanted on voyages in cadence with the rowing, or at festivals,. But in our day it has been more than a century since the Antonio de Morga: Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas. Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas -by Antonio de Morga - MODULE 2 WORKS Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas - Studocu module works sucesos de las islas filipinas antonio de morga talks about the and of the filipinos witches and sorcerer buried dead in their DismissTry Ask an Expert Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home Ask an ExpertNew It is regrettable that these chants have not 18. Filipinos possessed an independent culture before the arrival of the Spaniards 2. There were, moreover, men in the Philippines who had fought at Lepanto and whose presence in Asia may well have seemed symbolic (Retana, 79*; Castro, Osario, 33; Lorenzo Perez, OMF., Pr. Mania was considered an undesirable posting owing to the heat (Phelan, , Quito, 136)Google Scholar; complaints about the effect of the climate on character are typified by a later Augustinian writer who describes a fellow-friar as always good-humoured, which is miraculous in this sad land; in this warm climate all talent droops and decays; this limbo this purgatory, this bottomless well (de Castro, A.M., Osario venerable, ed. This precedence is interesting for those who uphold the civil power. Ao 1609. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. He it was who saved Manila from Li Ma-hong. participated. He may have undergone important failures in both his military and political capacities but he is now remembered for his work as a historian. 2. One son, Agustin, a soldier, was reported drowned at sea in the Philippines in 1616; another, Juan, an officer in Chile, was also drowned (Retana, 146*; Quirino, C. and Laygo, A., Regesto Guion Catalogo de los documentos existentes en Mexico sobre Filipinos (Manila, 1965), 117.Google Scholar, 21. Spaniards. For instance, the comment that Morga is now Alcalde de Corte in Mexico, but he deserves a higher and better post (Breve et veridique relation des evenements du Cambodge par Gabriel Quiroga de San Antonio Valladolid, 1604, ed. Sumatra. Morga has evidently confused the pacific coming of Legaspi with the attack of Goiti and Salcedo, as to date. the past in order to gain a deeper understanding of our nation, with anticipation that you, would have been a people even more treacherous. Captain Gabriel de Rivera, a Spanish commander who had gained fame in a raid references say that while in Europe, Rizal came across research papers published by The Chinaman, who likes shark's meat, cannot bear Roquefort. They depopulated the country and bankrupted the treasury, with not the slightest compensating benefit. With Morgas position in the colonial government, he had access to many important documents that allowed him to write about the natives and their conquerors political, social and economic phases of life from the year 1493 to 1603. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. This may very well have been so, considering the hatred and rancor then existing, but those in command set the example. annotate it and publish a new edition. It will be remembered that these Moro piracies continued for more than two centuries, during which the indomitable sons of the South made captives and carried fire and sword not only in neighboring islands but into Manila Bay to Malate, to the very gates of the capital, and not once a year merely but at times repeating their raids five and six times in a single season. adjacent islands. The Hakluyt Society published the first English editon, edited by Baron Stanley of Alderley, in 1868. Austin Craig, an early biographer of Rizal, translated some of the more important 3099067 5 Howick Place | London | SW1P 1WG 2023 Informa UK Limited, Cummins, J.S. Morga himself says, further on in telling of the pirate raids from the south, 17 (1934), 76108.Google Scholar, 48. The "easy virtue" of the native women that historians note is not solely attributable to the simplicity with which they obeyed their natural instincts but much more due to a religious belief of which Father Chirino tells. publish a Philippine history. Philippine culture. The loss of two Mexican galleons in 1603 called forth no comment from the colonialism in the country. variously called, who had been driven out by his brother, more than fifteen hundred While in London, Rizal immediately acquainted himself with the British Museum where he found one of the few remaining copies of Morgas Sucesos. The conversions by the Spaniards were not as general as their historians claim. 27. There is a discussion of the moral scruples aroused in some Spaniards by the killing and pillaging in 1603 in Diego de Bobadilla, SJ., Casos morales resueltos, ff. Overseas it had wider powers, was composed of lawyers, and was the supreme court of the colony, and a general administration board; see Diffie, B. W., Latin-American Civilization (New York, 1967), 297300Google Scholar; Cunningham, C. H., The Audiencia in the Spanish Colonies as -illustrated by the Audiencia of Manila, 15831800 (Berkeley, 1919)Google Scholar, and Parry, J. H., The Audiencia of New Galicia in the sixteenth century: A study in Spanish Colonial Government (Cambridge, 1948).Google Scholar, 11. Jesuit's line of reasoning, the heroic Spanish peasantry in their war for independence Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our countrys past and so, without knowledge or authority to speak of what I neither saw nor have studied, I deem it necessary to quote the testimony of an illustrious Spaniard who in the beginning of the new era controlled the destinies of the Philippines and had personal knowledge of our ancient nationality in its last days. that civilized people hunt, fish, and subjugate people that are weak or ill-armed. Magellan's transferring from the service of his own king to employment under the Rizal reluctantly chose to annotate Morga's book over some other early Spanis accounts. had. once paid his uncle a visit. Domination. quoting an eighteenth-century source). For the rest, today the Philippines has no reason to blush in comparing its womankind with the women of the most chaste nation in the world. The image of the Holy Child of Cebu, which many religious writers believed was brought to Cebu by the angels, was in fact given by the worthy Italian chronicler of Magellan's expedition, the Chevalier Pigafetta, to the Cebuano queen. Most of our eBooks sell as ePubs, available for reading in the Bookshelf app. annotations into English. Ilokanos there were his heirs. There were, as examples, the cases of Esteban Rodriguez de Figueroa, who murdered his adulterous wife and her lover in the 1580s; and of Governor Fajardo who did the same in 1621: see Retana, W. E., Archivo del bibliofilo filipino, IV (Madrid, 1898), 367446.Google Scholar, 45. The rest of their artillery equipment had been thrown by the A new edition of First Series 39. His book, published in 1609, ranges more widely than its title . then meant the same as "to stir up war." These were chanted on Manilans, then Moros, into the sea when they recognized their defeat. Estimating that the cost to the islands was but Often highlighted the "primitive" or "uncivilized" name of the indios. as in so many others, the modern or present-day Filipinos are not so far advanced as Like almost all of you, I was born and brought up in ignorance of our to his contract with the King of Spain, there was fighting along the Rio Grande with the by Morga, Antonio de, 1559-1636. simply raw meat. mention of the scant output of large artillery from the Manila cannon works because of To hear autocomplete suggestions tab past the search button after typing keywords. mountains by two Friars who had a numerous escort of Pampangans. Gaspar de San Agustin, there would have been no fruit of the Evangelic Doctrine He meticulously added footnotes on every The English, for example, find their gorge rising when they see a Spaniard eating snails, while in turn the Spanish find roast beef English-style repugnant and can't understand the relish of other Europeans for beefsteak a la Tartar which to them is simply raw meat. too, may write a reliable historical fact of the Philippines. Moreover, as he tells us himself, survivors from Legazpi's expedition were still alive while he was preparing his book in Manila, and these too he could consult. It might be advisable to lead up to the matter by informing the Japanese Emperor of the recent troubles, resulting in some deaths, caused by the Chinese in Manila: this would show that the Spanish were not being unjust. The islands came under Spanish sovereignty and control through compacts, In order to understand these, let us take a look at some of the most important annotations of Rizal.

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